Promoción de comportamientos urbanos responsables en campus universitarios: análisis, mapeo de tendencias y líneas futuras de investigación

Resumen

Los campus universitarios han sido utilizados como laboratorios sociales por la importancia de sus procesos formativos y la concentración de individuos que los circulan. Aunque se han realizado estudios en estos escenarios para promover comportamientos proambientales y prosociales, no se ha realizado una exploración sobre las investigaciones que usan los campus para la formación en comportamientos urbanos responsables (CUR). Este estudio tuvo como propósito explorar el estado actual de estas investigaciones mediante un análisis bibliométrico, utilizando las herramientas de analítica VOSviewer y el paquete bibliométrico de R Studio. Para el análisis de contenido se utilizó Atlas.ti. La búsqueda se realizó en Scopus y Web of Science, y se revisó un total de 164 artículos sobre intervenciones en campus universitarios. El análisis de coocurrencia destaca las asociaciones entre los términos “sostenibilidad”, “conservación de energía”, “normas sociales” y “retroalimentación”. Además, los resultados indican un aumento significativo en los artículos relacionados con la promoción de CUR en los campus universitarios, sobre todo enfocados en el uso responsable de energía y agua, consumo de alcohol, manejo de residuos, sostenibilidad, seguridad, convivencia y agresión sexual. Estas intervenciones se implementaron a través de mensajes verbales e indicaciones basadas en normas sociales descriptivas, normas prescriptivas, acicates y recompensas. No obstante, si bien los resultados son prometedores, su generalización es limitada. Como conclusión, las intervenciones exitosas en campus universitarios pueden servir como modelos para otras instituciones, sobre todo por promover la sostenibilidad y el cambio cultural a nivel global, teniendo en cuenta que es esencial integrar estrategias proambientales y prosociales para crear comunidades universitarias justas y sostenibles.

Palabras clave

Comportamientos urbanos responsables

intervención

educación para el desarrollo sostenible

movilidad sostenible

campus universitarios

Citas

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