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Resumen
Aunque muchas de las investigaciones del análisis experimental del comportamiento (AEC) están basadas en animales de laboratorio, actualmente está aumentando la investigación referida al comportamiento humano. El comportamiento de las personas ocurre en un entorno social. Una de las principales tareas del AEC es mostrar como la conducta individual es adquirida, mantenida, y modificada mediante la interacción con otros. Otra tarea sería investigar cómo afectan los grupos sociales y la sociedad a la conducta del individuo. Recientemente, los analistas de la conducta han centrado su atención en factores relacionados con problemas de conducta en humanos (Pierce y Epling, 1995). En el momento actual, los problemas de la conducta alimentaria, también llamados trastornos de la alimentación, se consideran síndromes y por tanto, suelen definirse en función de la aparición de un grupo de síntomas. Los trastornos de la alimentación en general, y en concreto la anorexia nerviosa, han aumentado en su incidencia de una forma vertiginosa en las sociedades occidentales. Anorexia significa falta de apetito y es un término que se utiliza habitualmente para designar un síntoma que aparece en muchos trastornos y enfermedades, como por ejemplo la depresión o la gripe.
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