Memoria cotidiana en población de adultos mayores : un estudio longitudinal de 10 años.

Resumen

El objetivo principal del estudio se dirigió a investigar la memoria cotidiana o prospectiva en una muestra de adultos mayores sanos, ya que hay pocos estudios sobre seguimiento de los cambios sufridos por la memoria cotidiana en adultos mayores a lo largo del tiempo. Se comparan cambios en la memoria cotidiana basada en eventos y tiempo, junto con la memoria retrospectiva, de trabajo y funciones ejecutivas al inicio y luego de seguimiento a diez años en 50 adultos mayores. Métodos e instrumentos: se administraron span de dígitos y palabras, memoria lógica, memoria de trabajo compuesta con amplitud de frase y palabra y amplitud de suma y digito, identifi cación de claves temporales y eventos en memoria prospectiva y trail making test. Los resultados se sometieron a análisis de regresión y mostraron disminución de memorias de trabajo y prospectiva basada en eventos pero no temporal. Las memorias lógica y digit-span no mostraron cambios signifi cativos. La memoria prospectiva o cotidiana que requiere de uso de funciones ejecutivas puede mostrar una declinación como parte del envejecimiento, preservando memoria remota. Se concluye que se debe incluir investigación rutinaria de memoria cotidiana en adultos mayores para detección de alteraciones precoces en esta última. Queda por investigar la incidencia de esta disminución en la autonomía del adulto mayor.

Palabras clave:

Adulto mayor Memoria cotidiana Evolución longitudinal

Citas

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