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Resumen
La interacción familia-trabajo implica procesos negativos y positivos. Según el Modelo de Recursos Trabajo-Familia, las exigencias familiares contextuales tienden a generar conflictos entre ambos, mientras que los recursos familiares contextuales fomentan su enriquecimiento. Este estudio se centra en los efectos directos de las exigencias y el apoyo social familiar en el funcionamiento psicológico positivo en el trabajo y examina el papel mediador de la autoevaluación y el papel moderador de la creatividad del jeitinho brasileño. El jeitinho es un constructo cultural específico de Brasil; en este estudio, consideramos únicamente su dimensión creativa y adaptativa, que implica un pensamiento flexible y estrategias de resolución de problemas socialmente aceptables. En este estudio cuantitativo participaron 504 trabajadores brasileños. Los resultados del Modelado de Ecuaciones Estructurales evidenciaron que el apoyo social familiar mostró relaciones positivas (β = .20, p < .001) y que las demandas percibidas de la familia presentaron relaciones negativas (β = –.24, p < .001) con el funcionamiento psicológico positivo en el trabajo. Las autoevaluaciones mediaron estas relaciones, y la creatividad brasileña mitigó las relaciones negativas entre las demandas percibidas de la familia y las autoevaluaciones, y potenció las relaciones positivas entre el apoyo social y las autoevaluaciones. Estos hallazgos tienen importantes implicaciones teóricas y prácticas para la relación familia-trabajo, al demostrar cómo el contexto familiar y la creatividad brasileña juegan un papel fundamental en la promoción del funcionamiento psicológico positivo en el trabajo y en el fomento de un equilibrio más saludable entre los ámbitos familiar y profesional.
Citas
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