Comparison between spaced retrieval and fading out techniques in teaching name-figure relations to older people with dementia

Abstract

The people with Alzheimer's disease (AD) have difficulty in naming people and objects. Some errorless learning procedures are employed to retrieve this repertoire, but few studies compare different methods. This study aimed to compare the learning/recovery of picture naming performance by Spaced Retrieval (SR) and Fading Out (FO) procedures in older adults with AD. Participants were eight people with AD (seven women), aged between 65 and 90 years (median 84.5 years), with an average score of 14.5 on the Mini-Mental State Examination. Participants retrieved seven name-figure relations through the SR procedure and seven other relations through the FO procedure. Both procedures were equally effective in teaching relations to all participants, as verified in the naming and maintenance tests. However, in the FO condition, the average time for teaching each relation was approximately 50% shorter than in SR condition. In practical terms, the FO procedure was faster with fewer correction trials.

Keywords:

Spaced retrieval fading out vanishing cues Alzheimer disease older adults

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