Comparison between spaced retrieval and fading out techniques in teaching name-figure relations to older people with dementia

Resumen

Las personas mayores con enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA) tienen dificultades para nombrar personas y objetos. Se emplean algunos procedimientos de aprendizaje sin errores para recuperar este repertorio, pero pocos estudios comparan diferentes métodos. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo comparar el aprendizaje/recuperación del desempeño de nombrar figuras mediante los procedimientos de Recuperación Espaciada (RE) y Desvanecimiento (DV) en adultos mayores con EA. Participaron ocho personas mayores con EA (siete mujeres), con edades comprendidas entre 65 y 90 años (mediana de 84.5 años), con una puntuación promedio de 14.5 en el Mini-Mental State Examination. Los participantes aprendieron siete relaciones nombre-figura a través del procedimiento RE y otras siete relaciones a través del procedimiento DV. Ambos procedimientos fueron igualmente efectivos para enseñar las relaciones a todos los participantes, como se verificó en las pruebas de reconocimiento de figuras y mantenimiento. Sin embargo, en la condición DV, el tiempo promedio para enseñar cada relación fue aproximadamente un 50% más corto que en la condición RE. En términos prácticos, el procedimiento DV fue más rápido y con menos ensayos de corrección.

Palabras clave

Recuperación espaciada

desvanecimiento de pistass

desvanecimiento de pistas

enfermedad de Alzheimer

personas mayores

Citas

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