PDF (Español (España))
FLIP
Authors who publish in this journal agree to the following terms:
Acta Colombiana de Psicología complies with international intellectual property and copyright laws, and particularly with Article No. 58 of the Political Constitution of Colombia, Law No. 23 of 1982, and the Agreement No. 172 of September 30, 2010 (Universidad Católica de Colombia Intellectual Property Regulation).
Authors retain their copyright and grant to the Acta Colombiana de Psicología the right of first publication, with the work registered under Creative Commons attribution license, which allows third parties to use the published material, provided they credit the authorship of the work and the first publication in this Journal.
Abstract
The aim of this research was to identify the role of optimism and positive health as predictors of the adjustment level of youth who started at university. The sample was formed by 77 students of both genders who entered their first semester of Psychology on the first academic term of 2005, on the day shift, at a private university. Their ages ranged between 17 and 26 years. The instruments used were the Vital Orientation Test – VOT, the Optimism Scale by Seligman, the Positive Mental Health Questionnaire, the General Satisfaction Scale and a registration form for academic information. These instruments were administered at two instances: the first one, at the students’ entrance; and the second, two years later. A multivariate statistical analysis was carried out in order to determine the predictive level of each one of the variables and their interactions in terms of the students’ adjustment. Results show that optimism determines not only permanence but also predicts cancellation and repetition of courses, both regarded as risk signals for desertion.
Keywords:
References
Absetz, P., Aro, A., Rehnberg, G. & Sutton, S. (2000). Comparative optimism in the opinion of the risk of the chest cancer: Effects of the knowledge of the factor of the experience and risk. Psychology, Health & Medicine, 5 (4) 367 - 391.
Bandura, A. (1992). A self-effi cay mechanism in psycholbiologic functioning. En: R. Schwarzer (1992) Self-effi cacy: thougt control of action. Washington USA: Hemisphere.
Branon, L. & Feist, B. (2001). Psicología de la Salud. Madrid España: Thompson.
Caballo, V. (1997). Manual para el tratamiento cognitivo conductual de los trastornos psicológicos. Madrid España: Siglo XXI.
Carnwath, T. & Miller, D. (1989). Psicoterapia conductual en asistencia primaria. Manual Práctico. Barcelona España: Martínez Roca
Carr, A. (2007). Psicología positiva: la ciencia de la felicidad. Barcelona España: Paidós.
Carrobles, J., Remor, E. & Rodríguez-Alzamora, L. (2003). Afrontamiento, apoyo social percibido y distrés emocional en pacientes con infección por VIH. Psicothema, 15 (3) 420-426.
Chico, E. (2002). Optimismo disposicional como predictor de estrategias de afrontamiento. Psicothema, 14 (3) 544–550. Recuperado el 12 de septiembre del 2006. http://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=1103085&orden=33104&info=link.
Conway, F., Magai, C., Springer, C. & Jones, S. (2008). Optimism and pessimism as predictors of adjustment. Journal of Research in Personality, 42(5), 1352-1357.
Covey, J. & Davies, A. (2004). Are people little realistic optimist? She depends how you ask to him. British Journal of Health Psychology, 9 (1) 39–50.
Diener, E. & Suh, E. (2000). (Editores) Culture and Subjective Well-being. Cambridge: Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
El-Anzi, F. O. (2005). Academia achievement and its relationship with anxiety, self-esteem, optimism, and pessimism in Kuwaiti students. Social Behavior and Personality. 33 (1) 95–103.
Fernández-Ríos, L. & Buela-Casal, G. (1997). El concepto de salud/enfermedad. En G. Buela-Casal, L. Fernández-Ríos y T.J. Carrasco (Eds.), Psicología preventiva. Avances recientes en técnicas y programas de prevención. Madrid España: Pirámide. (pp 27–38).
Fournier, M., Ridder, D. & Bensing, J. (2002). Optimism and adaptation to chronic disease: The role of optimism in relation to self-care options of type I diabetes mellitus, rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis. British Journal of Health Psychology. 2, 39-88.
Golberg, J.H., Halpern-Felsher, B. & Millstein, S. (2002). Beyond invulnerability: the importance of benefi ts in adolescents decision to drink alcohol. Health Psychology. 21 (5) 477-484.
Gómez-Reino & Rodríguez, I. (2001) La adaptación de los adolescentes: factores psicosociales relevantes en Galicia. Santiago de Compostela España.
Gordon, A., Feldman, D.; Crose, R. & Schoen, E. (2002). The paper of the religious belief in facing chronic disease. Counseling and Values, 46 (3) 162- 174.
Hidalgo, C.G. & Abaca, N. (1999). Comunicación interpersonal, programa de entrenamiento en habilidades sociales. (3ª. Ed.) Chile: Alfaomega.
Kennedy & Hughes (2004). The optimism-neuroticism question: an evaluation based on cardiovascular reactivity in female college students. The Psychological Record. Gambier. 54, 3, 373.
Lazarus, R. & Folkman, S. (1986). Estrés y procesos cognitivos. Barcelona España: Martínez Roca.
Lluch, M.T. (1999). Construcción de una escala para evaluar la salud mental positiva. Barcelona España: Universidad de Barcelona, tesis doctoral.
Londoño, C. (2007). Construcción de un modelo cognitivo social integrado para la prevención del abuso de alcohol en universitarios bogotanos. Tesis de maestría, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional de Colombia.
López-Rosales, F. & Moral-de la Rubia, J. (2001). Validación de una escala de autoefi cacia para la prevención del SIDA en adolescentes. Salud Pública México, 43 (5) 421-432.
Luzoro, J. G. (1992). Psicología de la Salud. Revista de Psicología. 11(1) 10- 15: Martin, N. (2002). Feeling optimistic? Psychologist. 15 (6) 309-321.
Martínez-Correa, A., Reyes del paso, G., García-León, A. & González-Jareño, M. (2006). Optimismo/pesimismo disposicional y estrategias de afrontamiento del estrés. Psicothema, 18 (1) 66–77. Recuperado el 04 de septiembre del 2006. Disponible en http://www.psicothema.com/psicothema.asp?ID=3177.
Morrison, V., Ager, A. & Willock, J. (1999). Perceived risk of tropical diseases in Malawi: Evidence of unrealistic pessimism and the irrelevance of beliefs of personal control? Psychology Health & Medicine, 4 (4) 361- 370.
Ouwehand, C., de Ridder D. (2008). Effects of temptation and weight on hedonics and motivation to eat in women. Obesity, 16 (8) 1788-93.
Planes, M. (1995). Expectativas de autoeficacia y su relación con los comportamientos sexuales preventivos frente al SIDA. Avances en Psicología Clínica, 13, 27-37.
Poczwardowski, A. Grosshans, O. & Trunnell, E. (2003). Enthusiasm that maintains in the classroom: Strategies of reinvestment in the work. American Journal of Health Behavior, 27 (4) 322-341.
Pratt, M., Bowers, C., Terzjan, B. & Hunsberger, B. (2000). To facilitate the transition to the university: evaluation of a social program of intervention of and discussion. Journal of College Student Development, 41 (4) 427 -435.
Ramírez-Herrera, C. (2002). Relación entre el optimismo disposicional y agresión en estudiantes. Adicciones, 14 (4) 503 – 520.
Remor, R., Amorós, M. & Carboles, J. (2006). El optimismo y la experiencia de ira en relación con el Malestar físico. Anales de Psicología., 22 (1) 37–44. Recuperado el 11 de octubre del 2006. Disponible http://redalyc.uaemex.mx/redalyc/src/inicio/ArtPdfRed.jsp?iCve=16722105&iCveNum=0
Ridder, D.; Schreurs, K. & Bensing, J. (2004). The relative benefi ts of being optimistic: Optimism as a coping resource in multiple sclerosis and Parkinson’ disease. British Journal of Health Psychology, 5 (2) 141.
Rodríguez, S., Cabanach, R., Valle, A., Nuñez, J. & GonzálezPienda, J. (2004). Diferencias en el uso del self-handicapping y pesimismo defensivo y sus relaciones con las metas de logro, la autoestima y las estrategias de autorregulación.
Psicothema, 10 (4) 25–31. Recuperado el 18 de septiembre del 2006. Disponible en http://www.psicothema.com/psicothema.asp?id=3087.
Schwarzer, R., & Fuchs, R. (1996). Self-effi cacy and health behaviors. In M. Conner & P. Norman (Eds.), Predicting health behavior: Research and practice with social cognition models. (pp. 163-196) Buckingham, UK: Open University Press.
Searwrd, G. y Kemp, S. (2000). Optimism bias and student debt. New Zealand Journal of Psychology, 29 (1) 17-25.
Seligman, M.E. (1998). Aprenda optimismo. Haga de la vida una experiencia maravillosa. Barcelona España: Grijalbo. (Original de 1990).
Seligman, M.E. (2003). La autentica felicidad Barcelona. Madrid España: Verg. Strassle, C., McKee, E. & Plant, D. (1999). Optimism as an indicator of psychological health: using psychological assessment wisely. Journal of Personality Assessment, 72 (2), 190-199.
Taylor, M.J. (2000). The infl uence of self-effi cacy on alcohol use among american indians. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology. 6 (2) 152-167.
Tinsley, B., Lees, N. & Sumartojo, E. (2004). Child and adolescents HIV risk: familias and cultural perpectives. Journal of Family Psychology. 18 (1) 208-224.
Torres, K. (2004). Reveille for radicals! The paramount purpose of health education? Health Education Research. 17 (1) 1-5.
Vera-Villarroel, P. & Guerrero, A. (2005). Diferencias en habilidades de resolución de problemas sociales entre sujetos optimistas y pesimistas. Universitas Psychologica, 2 (1) 21-26. Colombia. Recuperado el 22 de septiembre de del 2007. Disponible en http://redalyc.uaemex.mx
Waltenbaugh, A. & Zagummy, M. (2004). Diagonal optimism and control percibe between. Journal of Alcohol and Drug Education. 47 (3) 20 – 34.
