How to Cite
Hernandez Montaño, A., & González Tovar, J. . (2022). Explanatory model of self-care, emotional regulation and burnout in psychologists in isolation due to COVID-19. Acta Colombiana De Psicología, 25(2), 90–103. https://doi.org/10.14718/ACP.2022.25.2.6
License
Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

 Authors who publish in this journal agree to the following terms:

 Acta Colombiana de Psicología complies with international intellectual property and copyright laws, and particularly with Article No. 58 of the Political Constitution of Colombia, Law No. 23 of 1982, and the Agreement No. 172 of September 30, 2010 (Universidad Católica de Colombia Intellectual Property Regulation).

 Authors retain their copyright and grant to the Acta Colombiana de Psicología the right of first publication, with the work registered under Creative Commons attribution license, which allows third parties to use the published material, provided they credit the authorship of the work and the first publication in this Journal.

Abstract

The negative effects on the mental health of the world’s population from the 2019 coronavirus pandemic has increased the demand for psychological care services, which is why it is important to study the emotional well-being of this group of professionals. The objective of the study was to analyze the processes of emotional self-regulation and self-care as protective factors against the presence of burnout in a group of Mexican psychologists. To this end, a cross-sectional quantitative design with explanatory scopes was used. An intentional sample of 226 female psychologists who were conducting clinical work was used. Data were collected by means of an electronic format. The Clinical Psychologist Self-Care Conduct Scale (EAP), the Emotional Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ) and the Burnout Maslach Inventory (MBI) were applied. Descriptive statistics were obtained for each of the scales and subscales; Pearson correlation coefficients were estimated, and single and multiple linear regression models were adjusted for the MBI subscales. A path analysis was later adjusted using the GLS method. The results indicated a low level of burnout, demonstrating self-care as a protective factor against emotional exhaustion; personal fulfillment and increased use of emotional suppression, as a self-regulation strategy, and cognitive reevaluation, as a protective factor against depersonalization. The study underlines the importance of encouraging the use of self-care behaviors to have as many psychologists as possible in the best possible conditions to cope with the long-term effects of the pandemic.

Keywords:

References

Aranda, C., Pando, M., & Salazar, J. (2016). Confiabilidad y validación de la escala Maslach Burnout Inventory (HSS) en trabajadores del occidente de México. Salud Uninorte, 32(2), 218-227. http://dx.doi.org/10.14482/ sun.32.2.8828

Ato, M., López, J. J., & Benavente, A. (2013). Un sistema de clasificación de los diseños de investigación en psicología. Anales de Psicología, 29(3), 1038-1059. https://doi. org/10.6018/analesps.29.3.178511

Benito, E., & Rivera-Rivera, P. (2019). El cultivo de la autoconciencia y el bienestar emocional en los profesionales que trabajan con el sufrimiento. Revista de Investigación y Educación en Ciencias de la Salud (RIECS), 4(1), 77- 93. https://doi.org/10.37536/RIECS.2019.4.S1.115

Betta, R., Morales, G., Rodríguez, K., & Guerra, C. (2007). La frecuencia de emisión de conductas de autocuidado y su relación con los niveles de estrés traumático secundario y de depresión en psicólogos clínicos. Pensamiento Psicológico, 3(9), 9-19. https://www.redalyc.org/ pdf/801/80103902.pdf

Berking, M., & Wupperman, P. (2012). Emotion regulation and mental health: recent findings, current challenges, and future directions. Current Opinion in Psychiatry, 25(2), 128-134. https://doi.org/10.1097/ YCO.0b013e3283503669

Browne, M. W., & Cudeck, R. (1993). Alternative ways of assessing model fit. En K. A. Bollen & J. S. Long (Eds.), Testing structural equation models (pp. 136-162). Sage.

Buitrago Ramírez, F., Ciurana Misol, R., Fernández Alonso, M. C., & Tizón, J. (2021). Pandemia de la COVID-19 y salud mental: reflexiones iniciales desde la atención primaria de salud española. Atención Primaria, 53(1), 89- 101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aprim.2020.06.006

Burgos Varo, M. L., Ortiz Fernández, M. D., Muñoz Cobos, F., Vega Gutiérrez, P., & Bordallo Aragón, R. (2006). Intervención grupal en los trastornos de ansiedad en Atención Primaria: técnicas de relajación y cognitivo-conductuales. Semergen, 32(5), 205-210. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1138-3593(06)73258-0

Cano, A. (2011). Bases teóricas y apoyo empírico de la intervención psicológica sobre los desórdenes emocionales en atención primaria, una actualización. Ansiedad y Estrés, 17(2-3), 157-184. http://www.ansiedadyestres. org/content/vol-172-3-pp-157-184-2011

Cantor-Ruíz, F., McDouall-Lombana, J., Parra, A., Martin-Benito, L., Quesada, N., González-Giraldo, C., Cárdenas, M. L., Castillo, A. M., Garzón-Lawton, M., Ronderos-Bernal, C., García, B., Acevedo-Peña, J. R., Gómez-Gómez, O. V., & Yomayusa-González, N. (2021). Cuidado de la salud mental del personal de salud durante COVID-19: recomendaciones basadas en evidencia y consenso de expertos. Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatría, 50(3), 225-231. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. rcp.2021.02.007

Carpenter, R. W., & Trull, T. J. (2013). Components of emotion dysregulation in borderline personality disorder: a review. Current Psychiatry Reports, 15(1), 335. https:// doi.org/10.1007/s11920-012-0335-2

Chen, Q., Liang, M., Li, Y., Guo, J., Fei, D., Ling, W., He, Li., Sheng, C., Cai, Y., Li, X., Wang, J., & Zhang, Z. (2020). Mental health care for medical staff in China during the COVID-19 outbreak. Lancet Psychiatry, 7(4), e15-e16. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30078-X

Cisler, J. M., Olatunji, B. O., Felder, M. T., & Forsyth, J. P. (2010). Emotion regulation and the anxiety disorders. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 32, 68-82. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10862-009-9161-1

Domínguez-Lara, S. (2017). Influencia de las estrategias cognitivas de regulación emocional sobre la ansiedad y depresión en universitarios: análisis preliminar. Salud Uninorte, 33(3), 315-321. http://dx.doi.org/10.14482/ sun.33.3.10891

Domínguez-Lara, S. (2018). Magnitud del efecto para pruebas de normalidad en investigación en salud. Investigación en Educación Médica, 7(27), 92-93. http:// dx.doi.org/10.22201/facmed.20075057e.2018.27.1776

Fernández, M., De la Cruz, M., Gayoso, M., & Rodríguez, S. (2015). Carga mental en la mujer trabajadora: desigualdad de género y prevalencia. Medicina y Seguridad del Trabajo, 61(238), 18-33. https://dx.doi.org/10.4321/ S0465-546X2015000100003

Gargurevich, R., & Matos, L. (2010). Propiedades psicométricas del cuestionario de autorregulación emocional adaptado para el Perú. Revista de Psicología (Trujillo), 12, 192-215. http://revistas.ucv.edu.pe/index.php/revpsi/ article/view/628

Gao, J., Zheng, P., Jia, Y., Chen, H., Mao Y., Chen, S., Wang Y., Fu, H., & Dai, J. (2020). Mental health and social media exposure during COVID-19 outbreak. PLoS ONE, 15(4), Article e0231924. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal. pone.0231924

Gaxiola-Villa, E. (2014). Bienestar psicológico y desgaste profesional en amas de casa docentes universitarias. Journal of Behavior, Health & Social Issues, 6(1), 79-88. http:// dx.doi.org/10.22201/fesi.20070780.2014.6.1.48527

Gil-Monte, P. R., & Peiro, J. M. (1999). Validez factorial del Maslach Burnout Inventory en una muestra multiocupacional. Psicothema, 11(3), 679-689. https://www.psico thema.com/pdf/319.pdf Gross, J. (1999). Emotion and emotion regulation. En L. A. Pervin & O. P. John (Eds.), Handbook of personality: Theory and research (2. ª ed., pp. 525-552). Guilford.

Gross, J. J., & John, O. P. (2003). Individual Differences in Two Emotion Regulation Processes: Implications for Affect, Relationships, and Well-Being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85(2), 348-362. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.85.2.348

Guerra, C., Rodríguez, K., Morales, G., & Betta, R. (2008). Validación preliminar de la escala de conductas de autocuidado para psicólogos clínicos. Psykhe, 17(2), 67-78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0718-22282008000200006

Hair, F., Anderson, R. E., Tatham, R. L., & Black, W.C. (1998). Multivariate data analysis with readings (5.ª ed.). Prentice Hall.

Hernández-Montaño, A., & González-Tovar, J. (2019). Predictores de la ansiedad en mujeres con trabajo remunerado. Informes Psicológicos, 19(2), 11-23. https://doi. org/10.18566/infpsic.v19n2a01

Ho, C. S., Chee, C. Y., & Ho, R. C. (2020). Mental health strategies to combat the psychological impact of COVID-19 beyond paranoia and panic. Annals, Academy of Medicine, Singapore, 49(3), 155-160. http://www.an nals.edu.sg/pdf/49VolNo3Mar2020/V49N3p155.pdf

Huang, J. Z., Han, M. F., Luo, T. D., Ren, A. K., & Zhou, X. P. (2020). Encuesta de salud mental del personal médico en el nuevo hospital de admisión de punto fijo de neumonía por coronavirus. Revista China de Salud Ocupacional y Enfermedades Profesionales, 38(3), 192-195. http://doi. org/10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20200219-00063

Huertas, M. (2005). Aproximación a la Dinámica RiesgosAutocuidado en Equipos Operadores Sociales que Trabajan con Desplazados en Pasto, Colombia. Psykhe, 14(2), 133-147. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/ S0718-22282005000200011

Hu, L. T., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new Alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 6(1), 1-55. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705519909540118

Inchausti, F., García-Poveda, N., Prado-Abril, J., & SánchezReales, S. (2020). La psicología clínica ante la pandemia COVID-19 en España. Clínica y Salud, 31(2), 105-107. https://dx.doi.org/10.5093/clysa2020a11

John, O. P., & Gross, J. J. (2004). Healthy and unhealthy emotion regulation: Personality processes, individual differences, and life-span development. Journal of Personality, 72(6), 1301-1333. https://doi. org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.2004.00298.x

Kang, L., Li, Y., Hu, S., Chen, M., Yang, C., Yang, B., Wang, Y., Hu, J., Lai, J., Ma, X., Chen, J., Guan, L., Wang, G., Ma, H., & Liu, Z. (2020). The mental health of medical workers in Wuhan, China dealing with the 2019 novel coronavirus. Lancet Psychiatry, 7(3), Article e14. https:// doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30047-X

Klein, K., & Boals, A. (2001). Expressive writing can increase working memory capacity. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 130(3), 520-533. https://doi. org/10.1037/0096-3445.130.3.520

Kline, R. B. (2005). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling. Guilford publications. Kring, A., & Werner, M. (2004). Emotion regulation in psychopathology. En P. Philippot & R. Feldman (Eds.), The regulation of emotion (pp. 359-385). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.

Lai, J., Ma, S., Wang, Y., Cai, Z., Hu, J., Wei, N., Wu, J., Du, H., Chen, T., Li, R., Tan, H., Kang, L., Yao, L., Huang, M., Wang, H., Wang, G., Liu, Z., & Hu, S. (2020). Factors associated with mental health outcomes among health care workers exposed to coronavirus disease 2019. JAMA Network Open, 3(3), Article e203976. https://doi. org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.3976

Lozano-Vargas, A. (2020). Impacto de la epidemia del Coronavirus (COVID-19) en la salud mental del personal de salud y en la población general de China. Revista de Neuro-Psiquiatría, 83(1), 1-5. http://dx.doi. org/10.20453/rnp.v83i1.3687

Mahase, E. (2020). China coronavirus: WHO declares international emergency as death toll exceeds 200. BMJ, 368, m408. http://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m408 Maslach, C., & Jackson, S. E. (1986). Maslach Burnout Inventory (2. ª ed.). Consulting Psychologist Press.

Merino, C., Navarro, J., & García, W. (2014). Revisión de la consistencia interna del inventario de inteligencia emocional de Bar-On, EQ-I:YV. Revista Peruana de Psicología y Trabajo Social, 3(1), 141-154. http://doi. org./10.13140/2.1.2293.7284

Moreta, R., Durán, T., & Gaibor, I. (2018). Estructura factorial y fiabilidad del Cuestionario de Regulación Emocional (ERQ) en una muestra de estudiantes del Ecuador. Revista Latinoamericana de Ciencia Psicológica, 10(2), 1-15. http://www.psiencia.org/psien cia/10/2/24/PSIENCIA_Revista-Latinoamericana-deCiencia-Psicologica_10-2_Moreta-Herrera-et-al.pdf

Moran, C. (2002). Humor as a Moderator of Compassion Fatigue. En Ch. Figley (Ed.), Treating Compassion Fatigue (pp.139- 154). Brunner Routledge.

Ochoa, C., Cruz, A., & Moreno, N. (2015). Depresión en la mujer: ¿expresión de la realidad actual? Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Sociales, 6(1), 113-135. https:// doi.org/10.21501/22161201.1211

Orús, A. (2022, 24 de marzo). COVID-19: número acumulado de casos en el mundo 2020-2022. Statista. https:// es.statista.com/estadisticas/1104227/numero-acumula do-de-casos-de-coronavirus-covid-19-en-el-mundo-ene ro-marzo/

Qiu, J., Shen, B., Zhao, M., Wang, Z., Xie, B., & Xu, Y. (2020). A nationwide survey of psychological distress among Chinese people in the COVID-19 epidemic: implications and policy recommendations. General Psychiatry, 33(2). http://doi.org/10.1136/gpsych-2020-100213

Ramada-Rodilla, J. M., Serra-Pujadas, C., & DelclósClanchet, G. L. (2013). Adaptación cultural y validación de cuestionarios de salud: Revisión y recomendaciones metodológicas. Salud Pública de México, 55(1), 57-66. http://doi.org/10.1590/S0036-36342013000100009

Radey, M., & Figley, C. R. (2007). The social psychology of compassion. Clinical Social Work Journal, 35, 207-214. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10615-007-0087-3

Ruíz-Calzado, I., & Llorent, V. J. (2018). El burnout en los profesionales de la educación que trabajan con personas discapacitadas en Córdoba (España). Influencia de las variables laborales. Educación XX1, 21(2), 373-393. https://doi.org/10.5944/educxx1.15459

Ruíz-Martínez, A. O., González-Arratia López Fuentes, N. I., González-Escobar, S., Aguilar-Montes de Oca, Y. P., & Torres-Muñoz, M. A. (2020). Psycho-sociocultural influences on psychopathological symptoms in the open community: ecosystemic inequalities. Acta Colombiana de Psicología, 23(1), 169-180. https://doi.org/10.14718/ acp.2020.23.1.9

Sabo, M. (2006). Compassion fatigue and nursing work: Can we accurately capture the consequences of caring work? International Journal of Nursing Practice, 12(3), 136- 142. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-172X.2006.00562.x

Sociedad Mexicana de Psicología. (2007). Código ético del psicólogo. Trillas. Vilà Falgueras, M., Cruzate Muñoz, C., Orfila Pernas, F., Creixell Sureda, J., González López, M. P., & Davins Miralles, J. (2015). Burnout y trabajo en equipo en los profesionales de atención primaria. Atención Primaria, 47(1), 25-31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. aprim.2014.01.008

Vostanis, P., & Bell, C.A. (2020). Counselling and psychotherapy post-COVID-19. Counselling & Psychotherapy Research, 20(3), 389-393. https://doi.org/10.1002/ capr.12325

Wang, C., Horby, P. W., Hayden, F. G., & Gao, G. F. (2020). A novel coronavirus outbreak of global health concern. The Lancet, 395, 470-473. https://doi.org/10.1016/ S0140-6736(20)30185-9

Wang, C., Pan, R., Wan, X., Tan, Y., Xu, L., Ho, C., & Ho, R. (2020). Immediate Psychological Responses and Associated Factors during the Initial Stage of the 2019 Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Epidemic among the General Population in China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(5), Article 1729. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17051729

Whiteside, U., Chen, E., Neighbors, C., Hunter, D., Lo, T., & Larimer, M. (2007). Difficulties regulating emotions: Do binge eaters have fewer strategies to modulate and tolerate negative affect? Eating Behavior, 8(2), 162-169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eatbeh.2006.04.001

World Health Organization [WHO]. (2003). Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). Revision of the International Health Regulation. WHO. https://apps.who.int/gb/archi ve/pdf_files/WHA56/ea5648.pdf

Reference by

Most read articles by the same author(s)

Sistema OJS 3 - Metabiblioteca |